Critiques

  • The model is heavily data driven and its application may require greater financial and human resources, technical skill, and time available in some situations (Bertera; 1990; Orenstein and others, 1992), thus frustrating community planning teams interested in taking immediate action to address a problem.
  • The model is heavily focused on problems instead of positive health outcomes.
  • The PRECEDE-PROCEED planning process also does not emphasize the specifics of intervention development and methods in detail.