Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania

Penn Pearls

Procedures

Disclaimer: the clinical information on this site is only meant to serve as a reference. Please consult with your team for individual diagnostic and treatment decisions.

 

Ultrasound Peripheral IV

  • Supplies (in order of use): Chuck/pad, tourniquet, alcohol/chlorhexidine swabs, gauze, IVs (long ones), connectors, saline syringes, Tegaderms, tape
  • Position the bed to your height, place pads on bed so you don’t get blood on the bed/gown
  • Adjust depth of ultrasound view so your intended vessel is in the middle
  • Assess artery (non-collapsible, pulsating) versus vein (collapsible)
  • Places to go: forearm (antecubital, brachioradialis area, ulnar vein), upper arm (brachial vein, cephalic vein), neck (external jugular), foot (dorsal foot, posterior tibial)
  • Start as distally as possible in case you damage the vein
  • Assemble IV connectors with saline syringe and flush through prior to starting
  • Determine angle (often more aggressive than you think) to reach vein and still have catheter length to thread in) and if you need a longer IV. Start ½ cm from the probe (screen shows vessel directly under probe and you need travel distance to reach it)
  • If you have to change the angle, come out to near the skin then adjust angle
  • Target sign with catheter tip in middle of vein
  • Keep track of time with tourniquet on
  • Flush through with syringe after taping down to confirm placement

 

 

 

Arterial Blood Gas/ABG

  • Supplies (in order of use): alcohol/chlorhexidine swabs, ABG kit (with assembled needle disposal kit), gauze, tape, patient label
  • Position the bed to your height, place pads on bed so you don’t get blood on the bed/gown
  • Move syringe so to the 1.5cc mark (cannot aspirate once in vessel)
  • Start distally close to wrist bones, palpating with two fingers to determine angle/course
  • Go in with about a 45-60 degree angle with your body near the distal hand and the needle moving more proximally, bevel up (so arterial blood flowing distally naturally flows upward into the bevel and syringe)
  • If you miss, come up near the skin, then change angle (don’t go back and forth with needle deeply in)
  • Cover with gauze and hold pressure (it’s an artery)
  • Place needle into disposal kit, detach syringe, remove excess air, and cap
  • MUST have patient label on syringe before bringing to the lab