Description of Research Expertise

Andrew J. King, PhD, FAMIA, is an Assistant Professor of Informatics in the Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics and Director of Precision Education Technology at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. He is a biomedical informatician whose research focuses on precision medical education, learning health systems, clinical reasoning, and human-centered artificial intelligence. His work develops computational approaches for understanding how clinicians and medical learners reason and perform in authentic clinical environments, and for translating those insights into individualized assessment, feedback, and learning.

Dr. King's current research uses multimodal data generated through learning and clinical care to develop new approaches to assessing learner development. These data span traditional educational assessments; clinical work products such as EHR documentation; and interactional and behavioral signals including ambient clinical conversations, EHR interactions, gaze patterns, and other sensor-derived data. His research seeks to use these complementary observations to construct longitudinal representations of learners' knowledge, skills, clinical reasoning, and experience, enabling more continuous and individualized approaches to competency-based medical education.

He leads the development of Penn Edge (Engine for Data-driven Growth and Excellence), a Learning Health Professions Education System designed to provide the informatics infrastructure for precision medical education. Penn Edge brings together longitudinal learner data, analytics, educational interventions, and expert judgment in a continuous learning system intended to inform both learner development and educational decision-making. This work adapts principles from learning health systems and Bayesian adaptive platform trials to explore new models of competency-based and time-variable medical education.

Dr. King's earlier research in critical care informatics examined how clinicians interact with information, technology, and one another in complex clinical environments. His work has included clinical decision support, natural language processing, computational analysis of clinical teamwork, eye tracking and machine learning, voice-interactive systems for evidence-based practice, interoperability using FHIR, and informatics infrastructure supporting adaptive clinical trials. These experiences inform his current research on observing clinical work as a source of evidence about learner reasoning and performance.

Dr. King received his BS in Bioinformatics, MS in Biomedical Informatics, and PhD in Biomedical Informatics from the University of Pittsburgh. He subsequently completed a postdoctoral fellowship in Critical Care Informatics and served on the faculty in Critical Care Medicine and Biomedical Informatics before joining the University of Pennsylvania in 2026. He is a Fellow of the American Medical Informatics Association (FAMIA).

Research interests: Precision medical education; learning health systems; biomedical and clinical informatics; competency-based medical education; clinical reasoning; multimodal assessment; artificial intelligence and machine learning; human-computer interaction; clinical decision support; natural language processing; EHR interaction data; ambient intelligence.